Contributor: Tola Ekundayo

INTRODUCTION
Genesis chapter 30 details the ongoing narrative of Jacob. In this passage, God remembers Rachel, and she conceives and bears Joseph, expressing her anticipation for another child. Subsequently, Jacob requests permission from Laban to return to his homeland with his family. Acknowledging that his prosperity is attributed to Jacob, Laban urges him to remain. They proceed to negotiate Jacob's compensation, agreeing that he will oversee the speckled and spotted sheep and goats, as well as the dark-coloured lambs.
Genesis 31 serves as the final stage of Jacob's twenty-year engagement with Laban, his uncle and father-in-law. This chapter narrates issues of perceived injustice and Jacob's subsequent departure. It underscores ongoing challenges regarding recognition and value within Jacob's family, along with references to divine guidance throughout their experiences. Ultimately, following his adherence to God's direction, Jacob becomes extremely wealthy.

A FEW STEPS BACKWARDS: HOW DID THESE EVENTS BEGIN?
Genesis 29-30 Before discussing the escape, it is important to consider the background of this relationship. Jacob, fleeing from his brother Esau, arrives in Haran. There, he meets Laban and develops an interest in Rachel. Jacob agrees to work for Laban for seven years to marry Rachel. However, at the end of this period, Laban gives him Leah instead. Jacob then works another seven years and marries Rachel.

After fourteen years, Jacob seeks to build his own wealth. He and Laban agree that Jacob will receive the spotted and speckled animals from the flocks. Laban alters Jacob's wages multiple times to his own benefit. Following this, Jacob uses a specific breeding method, described as divinely inspired in his dream, which results in the birth of strong animals with spots and specks. The narrative states that Jacob becomes wealthy, while Laban attempts to maintain control over him.

 Laban’s jealousy and hostility to Jacob (Verses 1-21)
The chapter opens with Jacob responding to developments in his environment. Laban’s sons expressed envy toward him and accused him of theft, while Laban's attitude toward Jacob became increasingly unfriendly (verses 1-3). Subsequently, Jacob received instructions from God to return to his homeland and to the territory that had been promised to Abraham and Isaac.

Jacob did not command his wives to follow him immediately. Instead, he consulted with them, explaining openly why they needed to leave after twenty years of service to Laban. Jacob first described the hardships he had endured: fourteen years working to marry Leah and Rachel, followed by six more years tending the flocks. He recounted how Laban had repeatedly changed his wages, always to Jacob’s disadvantage.

After sharing these practical difficulties, Jacob revealed the vision he had received from God. He explained that God’s guidance made it clear that it was time to return to his homeland. This divine direction brought Jacob a sense of reassurance, but also worry—he was deeply concerned about what Laban’s reaction might be.

Rachel and Leah listened closely to Jacob’s words. They were filled with anger and sorrow as they considered their father’s actions. Both felt a profound sense of loss and resentment, recognizing that Laban had treated them not as beloved daughters but as resources to be spent. They fully supported Jacob’s decision to leave, affirming that their father’s unfairness had affected them as well. Rachel and Leah expressed that they, too, felt as though they had been sold and their inheritance squandered. Their solidarity with Jacob was clear, united by shared pain and a longing for a future free from exploitation.

Jacob realized that leaving peacefully was unlikely. He knew a direct confrontation with Laban could easily lead to violence, given the accumulated wealth that was now at stake (Proverbs 4:7 - Wisdom is the principal thing; Therefore get wisdom. And in all your getting, get understanding). This awareness deepened his sense of anxiety, but with his wives’ support and God’s direction, Jacob resolved to move forward.
This shows clearly that Jacob’s long service to Laban was not a fair exchange. It was a relationship built on exploitation and injustice.

 Laban’s pursuit (Verses 22-42)
Jacob’s confrontation with Laban is charged with the weight of two decades filled with disappointment and injustice. Over twenty long years, Jacob endured Laban’s repeated betrayals —Laban swapped daughters on Jacob’s wedding night, forcing Jacob to serve fourteen years instead of the agreed-upon seven for Rachel’s hand. Even after that, Laban changed Jacob’s wages time and again, always scheming to benefit himself at Jacob’s expense and manipulating the terms of their agreements whenever Jacob’s efforts led to success. Each act of deceit built upon the last, fuelling a deep well of frustration and bitterness within Jacob.

When the moment finally arrives, Jacob does not hold back: he faces Laban directly and recounts these years of hardship and dishonesty, allowing all the pent-up emotion to surface in a burst of raw honesty and righteous anger. Despite these grievances, Jacob maintained his integrity throughout his service to Laban, as shown when he invited Laban to identify anything that belonged to him: “...In the presence of our brethren, identify what I have of yours and take it with you…” (v. 32). This contrast highlights Jacob’s unwavering faithfulness, even in the face of betrayal.

In the biblical narrative, Laban’s search for his stolen idols—taken by Rachel—contrasts sharply with Jacob’s reliance on God. Despite the many years during which Laban witnessed God’s blessings on Jacob, he continues to pursue security in powerless idols that cannot even prevent their own theft. This episode highlights a telling irony: while Jacob’s faith is rooted in a living, active relationship with God, Laban clings to objects that offer him no real protection.

Laban’s persistent attachment to his idols, even after seeing the evidence of God’s favour towards Jacob, demonstrates how deeply ingrained beliefs and traditions can be. Sometimes, even clear signs or blessings are not enough to shake one’s dependence on old habits or superstitions. The story challenges us to consider where we place our trust: in customs and material symbols, or in the living presence of God.

This moment in the narrative underlines the futility of seeking security apart from God, and the freedom found in genuine faith. Laban’s idols, powerless and easily hidden, stand in stark contrast to the divine guidance and protection Jacob experiences—a lesson about the ultimate difference between superstition and true faith.

WHAT COULD BE THE REASON WHY RACHEL STOLE THE IDOL?
 The covenant and the final goodbye (Verses 43–53)
The Covenant of Mizpah (verses 44–53) formally conclude their separation, Jacob and Laban entered into a covenant, sealing their agreement by erecting a stone heap and a pillar as witnesses. In ancient Near Eastern culture, this practice went beyond mere practicality: setting up stones as witnesses was a common custom to formalize agreements, symbolizing that the covenant was binding and witnessed not only by those present but also by God Himself. The physical presence of the stone heap and pillar served as a perpetual reminder of the promises exchanged and of the divine presence overseeing their oath. As verses 48–49 recounts, Laban says, “This heap is a witness between you and me today... The LORD watch between you and me, when we are out of one another’s sight.”

The word "Mizpah" (v. 49) means "watchtower." Laban and Jacob's declaration—"The LORD watch between you and me, when we are out of one another’s sight"—is an acknowledgment that even when human eyes are absent, God continues to observe and hold them accountable for their covenant.

With the covenant established and both parties bound by their promises, the tension between Jacob and Laban is resolved. The boundary marked by the heap and pillar signals not only the end of conflict but also the beginning of peace, underscored by their mutual agreement not to cross this line to do harm to the other.

As verse 24 records, God intervened at a crucial moment, warning Laban in a dream: “Be careful not to say anything to Jacob, either good or bad.” This divine intervention ensured that their meeting ended without violence or further strife, allowing reconciliation in place of hostility.

Finally, freedom: Laban departs the next morning, and the two are at last separated. Jacob is free to continue his journey back to the Promised Land, released from years of conflict and manipulation. As Proverbs 16:7 affirms, “When a man’s ways please the LORD, he makes even his enemies to be at peace with him.” Through God’s providence and the solemnity of the covenant, Jacob experiences this very peace as he steps into a new chapter of his life.

CONCLUSION: How does this apply today as children of God?
Trusting God at all times under every circumstance:
Like Jacob, we can trust that God sees our suffering and knows when it is time to act. He may not always provide a dramatic escape, but He will guide us in our circumstances.
Complacency (contentment with one's current state) is not the solution in the face of injustice, Jacob’s response to Laban shows us that it’s okay to stand up for ourselves and speak the truth about injustice, especially when we feel that we have been unfairly treated.
God's Protection: This story gives us hope that God’s presence and protection will go with us. He can stand between us and those who seek to harm us.
As we reflect on Jacob’s journey from oppression under Laban to freedom and restoration, we are reminded that God’s faithfulness persists even through seasons of trial, uncertainty, and injustice. Jacob’s story is not merely a tale of ancient hardship but a living testament to God’s enduring presence and guiding hand in our own lives.

Just as Jacob learned to trust God’s timing and lean on divine direction, we too are invited to seek God’s wisdom and protection in our personal struggles. When faced with unfair treatment or difficult relationships, it is not complacency but courage—rooted in faith—that enables us to stand for truth, pursue justice, and move toward healing. The covenant of Mizpah reminds us that God is the ultimate witness to our promises and relationships, watching over us with compassion and justice.
Whether our “escape” is dramatic or subtle, the assurance remains: God is with us. The journey may test our patience and resilience, but His promise is steadfast—He can turn even the most oppressive circumstances into opportunities for growth, freedom, and peace. As children of God, we are empowered to trust Him fully, act with integrity, and walk forward in hope, knowing that He will guide us every step of the way.

Contributor: Alex Pam

INTRODUCTION

In the last study, Jacob was blessed by his father Isaac and advised not to marry a Canaanite woman but to go to Haran, and marry from the offspring of his uncle Laban. This was the beginning of a life of raising a chaotic family by Jacob. However, from Jacob’s story in Haran we will learn that God can work through broken families, deceit, and rivalry to build His covenant people. The children born from Jacob’s wives and concubines will become the twelve tribes of Israel, showing how God brings His plan
to pass despite human weakness.

PART 1: CHAPTER 29
1. Divine Providence and Guidance (Verses 1-14)
We see from these verses that it was God who directed Jacob to Haran, ensuring his safe arrival and encounter with his relatives, setting the stage for his future. The steps of the righteous are ordered by the Lord.

2. Love and Sacrifice (Verses 15 – 21)
In these verses, we learn two main truths. 1. Jacob’s attitude to work and 2. His love for Rachel.
(a). Jacob’s attitude to work: We observe that although he had to flock of his own, he applied himself to serve his uncle. It is very important that we engage in some useful business, which will turn to a good account to ourselves or others. The true master we are serving is God. Colossians 3:23 [AMP] says: “Whatever you do [whatever your task may be], work from the soul [that is, put in your very best effort], as [something done] for the Lord and not for men,”

(b). Hard work gets rewarded: In verse 15, Laban did not take Jacob’s service for granted. “15 Laban said to him, “Just because you are a relative of mine, should you work for me for nothing? Tell me what your wages should be.”

(c). His love for Rachel (Verses 18-20, 27): His love for Rachael was so strong that he willingly works a total of 14 years for her, an act of profound commitment. And 

3. Deception and Consequences (Verses 22 – 30)
Laban's deceit in giving Leah to Jacob in place of Rachel serves as a "re-education" for Jacob, who himself had been a trickster, illustrating the principle that "what goes around comes around". Jacob was paid in his own coin. He had cheated his own father when he pretended to be Esau, and now his father-in-law cheated him. “You reap what you sow” (Gal 6:7).

4. Family Dynamics and Rivalry (Verses 31-35)
The story delves into the complex and contentious relationships between the sisters, Leah and Rachel, and their handmaids, showcasing the internal struggles and competition within Jacob's household. For no cause of hers, Jacob failed to show Leah the love she deserved. But we see God’s wisdom and righteousness on display. Verse 31 says: “31When the Lord saw that Leah was not loved, he enabled her to conceive, but Rachel remained childless.”

God dispenses His blessings in proportion, to keep the balance even, setting crosses and comforts one over-against another, that none may be either too much elevated or too much depressed. Rachel wanted children, but she was blessed with her husband's love; Leah wanted her husband’s love, didn’t get it, but was fruitful. Also see 1 Sam.1:5

PART 2: CHAPTER 30
1. Bad Consequences of a strange marriage (Verses 1-2)
Rachael envied her sister. Envy is grieving at the good of another
“Rachel, realizing she was barren, became envious of her sister. “Give me children or I’ll die,” she exclaimed to Jacob. 2 Jacob flew into a rage. “Am I God?” he flared. “He is the one who is responsible for your barrenness.” TLB
She did not ask God in prayer, like Isaac did on behalf of Rebekah, but instead asked Jacob. Ps. 127:3 tells us that children are a heritage of the Lord. But Jacob rebukes her although he loved her. (Prov. 27:5, 6)

2. Family Rivalry and Growth (Verses 3 – 24)
Leah and Rachel compete through children and maidservants. God opened Leah’s womb (Gen 29:31) and remembered Rachel (Gen 30:22).

3. Laban Blessed Because of Jacob (Verses 25 – 30)
Jacob had become prosperous in Haran working for his uncle Laban and was ready to return home. Though Jacob was in Haran with Laban and his daughters for more than 14 years, he knew that he belonged in the land that was promised to him by God, through the covenant made with his grandfather Abraham and his father Isaac. After 14 years, he still called the Promised Land my country.

Good men are blessings to the places where they live, even where they live meanly and obscurely, as Jacob in the field, and Joseph in Potiphar’s house (Gen. 39:5)

Laban was crafty and covetous and sought to take advantage of Jacob's plainness, honesty, and righteousness. Instead of making him a generous offer and bidding high, as he ought to have done, all things considered, he puts it upon him to make his demands (v. 28): Tell me how much I owe you. Whatever it is, I’ll pay it.”, knowing he would be very modest in them, and would ask less than he could for shame offer.

4. Jacob’s agreement with Laban and More Blessings for Jacob (Verses 31-43)
Over the years, Jacob had learned to be honest. This is reflected in his speech in verses 31 – 33 in response to Laban’s question. “What wages do you want?” Laban asked again.
Jacob spoke of himself very modestly. When Laban said in verse 27: “the Lord has blessed me for your sake.” His response in verse 30 was “The Lord has blessed you since my coming”
He also humbly stated why he was looking for his earnings from Laban. “And now, when shall I also provide for my own house?”

Faith and love, are excellent things, but they must not take us off from making necessary provisions for our own support, and the support of our families. We must, like Jacob, trust in the Lord and do good, and yet we must, like him, provide for our own houses also; he that does not the latter is worse than an infidel, 1 Tim. 5:8.

Jacob laid an offer to Laban that he could not refuse. Knowing fully well the proclivities of Laban. But his trust was in God. He said: “Don’t give me anything. Just do this one thing, and I’ll continue to tend and watch over your flocks. 32 Let me inspect your flocks today and remove all the sheep and goats that are speckled or spotted, along with all the black sheep. Give these to me as my wages. 33 In the future, when you check on the animals you have given me as my wages, you’ll see that I have been honest. If you find in my flock any goats without speckles or spots, or any sheep that are not black, you will know that I have stolen them from you.”34 “All right,” Laban replied. “It will be as you say.” 35 But that very day Laban went out and removed the male goats that were streaked and spotted, all the female goats that were speckled and spotted or had white patches, and all the black sheep. He placed them in the care of his own sons, 36 who took them a three-days’ journey from where Jacob was. Meanwhile, Jacob stayed and cared for the rest of Laban’s flock.

Jacob then went ahead with the knowledge he may have gained from living in Canaan. (Verses 37 – 39). This knowledge was obviously not known to Laban, else he wouldn’t have agreed. It is important that a man becomes a master of his trade, whatever it is, and to be not only industrious, but ingenious in it, and to be versed in all its lawful applications. (Luke 16:8, Eccl.10:10)
There is a discretion which God teaches the husbandman (as plain a trade as that is), and which he ought to learn, Isa. 28:26. “For his God instructs [him correctly] and teaches him properly.”

CONCLUSION
These two chapters demonstrate God's faithfulness to His promises, working through human sin and flawed relationships to ultimately build the nation of Israel, as the twelve tribes trace their lineage to the sons of Jacob's wives
Factors seen in this account such as favouritism, jealousy and rivalry that not only drain relationships, but fracture them. Even as far as the body of Christ.
These chapters do not shy away from the imperfections of its characters, yet we see how God can use even sinful people and their flawed relationships to accomplish His gracious purposes.
Jacob’s household is full of brokenness—deception, rivalry, favoritism, and jealousy. Yet, out of this family comes the twelve tribes of Israel, through whom God brings His Messiah. This teaches us that God’s purposes prevail despite human weakness.
Finally, at the end of this story, we learn a very valuable lesson about being a master of one’s trade – committing to obtaining the required skill that will set us apart in the works of our hands. Proverbs 22:29 “Seest thou a man diligent in his business? he shall stand before kings; he shall not stand before mean men.”

Contributor: Alex Kokobili

INTRODUCTION
This section is a continuation of the twenty-seventh chapter, which revealed the circumstances of how Jacob received the firstborn blessing instead of Esau, who was the biological firstborn son. The situation resulted in family crises and led to Esau’s rage and plan to kill his brother, Jacob. The chapter ended with Rebekah and Isaac's concern for Jacob’s marriage, knowing that Esau's marriage to women of Heth (Hittites) displeased them.

Today’s study will reveal how Isaac proclaimed the blessing of inheritance on Jacob and the advice about Jacob’s marriage. An important focus of the study will be God’s blessing on Jacob after his vision of angels ascending and descending the earth, which became a turning point for Jacob, and the future of Jews and Gentiles who became partakers of the blessings of Abraham through Jesus Christ.

GENESIS 28: 1 - 22 ANALYSIS AND REFLECTION
1. Genesis 28: 1 Isaac blessed Jacob and advised him not to marry a Canaanite woman.
This was important because Isaac wanted Jacob to be responsible enough to be able to handle the generational blessing that was to be realized on him. We will see in later verses the reason for the advice against Canaanite women.
2. Genesis 28: 2 – 3. Jacob was advised by his father, Isaac, to marry a wife from Paddan-aram in the house of his grandfather, Bethuel, and marry one of his uncle Laban’s daughters.
Paddan-aram is connected to Haran, which was where his father, Isaac, himself his wife. (Genesis 25:20 Isaac was forty years old when he took Rebekah, the daughter of Bethuel the Syrian of Paddan Aram, the sister of Laban the Syrian, to be his wife). (Genesis 29:4 Jacob said to them, "My relatives, where are you from?" They said, "We are from Haran.
Haran was the Place where Terah (Abraham’s father lived for many years and died (Genesis 11:31-32). Paddan Aram is in the region of Haran (Genesis 12: 1-4) 3. Genesis 28: 3 -4. Isaac prayed the blessing of Abraham on Jacob and his generation.

The focus here was on the spiritual blessing of the firstborn on Jacob, because physically, Esau was the firstborn. Isaac blessed Jacob and affirmed the blessing of the firstborn on him. Isaac did not have to consult Esau or Rebekah, but he realized it was God’s will to bless Jacob.

Why did Isaac release the firstborn blessing to Jacob?

A) He obeyed God by faith: Hebrews 11: 20 “By faith, Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, even concerning things to come”. You will notice from this text that Hebrews revealed that Jacob’s name was written before Esau, to show the order of the blessing of the firstborn. Hebrews 11: 2-32 – we understand that faith in the context of the patriarch meant obedience to God’s command, which revealed their good report or testimony of God. This means that Isaac eventually obeyed God, realizing it was in God’s order for Jacob to be blessed with the firstborn blessing.

B) Esau never repented but wanted the blessing. Hebrews 12:14-16 Work at living in peace with everyone, and work at living a holy life, for those who are not holy will not see the Lord. 15 Look after each other so that none of you fails to receive the grace of God. Watch out that no poisonous root of bitterness grows up to trouble you, corrupting many. 16 Make sure that no one is immoral or godless like Esau, who traded his birthright as the firstborn son for a single meal. 17 You know that afterward, when he wanted his father’s blessing, he was rejected. It was too late for repentance, even though he begged with bitter tears.

Reflection in hindsight from Heb 12: 14 – 16.

Please read the entire chapter to understand that God’s agenda was connected to eternal redemption in Christ and not prejudice against Esau.

 Esau did not live in peace with Jacob and his parents (V14)

 Esau did not live a holy life, and without holiness you cannot see the Lord (V14/15)

 Esau was linked in bitterness (V15)

 Esau did not repent for his careless actions and his attitude towards his birthright (V16)

 Esau fell out of God’s grace (V15)

See also, Romans 9:13-15 As it is written, Jacob have I loved, but Esau have I hated.14 What shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God? God forbid.15 For he saith to Moses, I will have mercy on whom I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I will have compassion.
Malachi 1:2-4 I have loved you, saith the LORD. Yet ye say, Wherein hast thou loved us? Was not Esau Jacob's brother? saith the LORD: yet I loved Jacob,3 And I hated Esau, and laid his mountains and his heritage waste for the dragons of the wilderness. 4 Whereas Edom saith, We are impoverished, but we will return and build the desolate places; thus saith the LORD of hosts, They shall build, but I will throw down; and they shall call them, The border of wickedness, and, The people against whom the LORD hath indignation forever.

4. Genesis 28: 5 – Jacob goes to Padan Aram to live with his uncle (Laban)

5. Genesis 28: 6 -9 (NLT) Esau knew that his father, Isaac, had blessed Jacob and sent him to Paddan-aram to find a wife, and that he had warned Jacob, “You must not marry a Canaanite woman.” 7 He also knew that Jacob had obeyed his parents and gone to Paddan-aram. 8 It was now very clear to Esau that his father did not like the local Canaanite women. 9 So Esau visited his uncle Ishmael’s family and married one of Ishmael’s daughters, in addition to the wives he already had. His new wife’s name was Mahalath. She was the sister of Nebaioth and the daughter of Ishmael, Abraham’s son.
Isaac knew the importance of Jacob getting his marriage right because the seed of Jacob would be a manifestation of God’s promise to Abraham and his descendants.
See V 6: Why was Jacob advised by his father against marrying a Canaanite woman?

POSSIBLE MAJOR REASON AMONGST MANY OTHERS:
A) Perversion of Canaanites: This is connected to sexual perversion, idolatry, and lawlessness.
Genesis 10:15-20 revealed that the Canaanites were descendants of Ham, the son of Noah. Ham mocked his father’s nakedness and was cursed. Leviticus 18: 3 - 5 So do not act like the people in Egypt, where you used to live, or like the people of Canaan, where I am taking you. You must not imitate their way of life. 4 You must obey all my regulations and be careful to obey my decrees, for I am the LORD your God. 5 If you obey my decrees and my regulations, you will find life through them. I am the LORD.
B) Esau married wrongly, and it grieved the hearts of his parents (See Gen 28:7-9: Esau first married an Ishmaelite after already having two Hittite (Heth) wives in Gen 26: 34-35) Also, Gen 27:46 revealed Rebekah’s disgust towards Hittite women. “Then Rebekah said to Isaac, “I’m sick and tired of these local Hittite women! I would rather die than see Jacob marry one of them.” The Hittees and the Canaanites shared common ancestry – Genesis 10: 15-16 And Canaan begat Sidon his firstborn, and Heth, and the Jebusite, and the Amorite, and the Girgasite, and the Hivite, and the Arkite, and the Sinite.” Heth, the ancestor of the Hittites, is often associated with the biblical “children of Heth.

Joshua 3: 10 “And Joshua said, Hereby ye shall know that the living God is among you, and that he will without fail drive out from before you the Canaanites, and the Hittites, and the Hivites, and the Perizzites, and the Girgashites, and the Amorites, and the Jebusites.” The Ishmaelites originated from Ishmael (Abraham’s son from Hagar, the bondwoman). We will later notice that they became the enemies of Israel – Psalm 83: 4 -6 They have said, Come, and let us cut them off from being a nation; that the name of Israel may be no more in remembrance.5 For they have consulted together with one consent: they are confederate against thee:6 The tabernacles of Edom, and the Ishmaelites; of Moab, and the Hagarenes.

6. Genesis 28: 10 Jacob leaves his parents in Beersheba and relocates to Haran.
Beersheba was the place where Isaac and his family lived (Genesis 26: 23- 32). This was the place where God blessed Isaac after the Rehoboth experience in the previous verse.
This means at this point Jacob finally left his parent to go to Haran (Paddan-aram) to his uncle Laban.

7. Genesis 28: 11. Jacob’s Encounter in the Dream and God’s Promise
A) At sundown (in the evening), Jacob found a good place to rest. He was possibly tired and wanted to rest or sleep. As he slept, he had a vision of a ladder that went from the earth to heaven and angels descending and ascending the ladder. This was symbolic to show that there was evidence of a spiritual connection between heaven and earth. The angels Jacob saw were actively commuting between heaven and earth and attending to the various needs as instructed by God as ministering spirits. (Hebrews 1: 13-14 But to which of the angels said he at any time, Sit on my right hand, until I make thine enemies thy footstool?14 Are they not all ministering spirits, sent forth to minister for them who shall be heirs of salvation?)

8. Jacob’s dream (Gen 28: 12). He saw the Lord at the top of the stairway or ladder, and God introduced Himself as God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.
The description of God that Jacob saw was in the form of His Lordship (This is called theophany - a visible manifestation to humankind of God). This is why God could manifest Himself as a man. Theophany was common in the Old Testament when God would manifest His presence in various forms to the people of Israel.

For instance, Isaiah 6: 1-2 In the year that King Uzziah died, I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high and lifted up, and the train of His robe filled the temple. 2 This made it possible for Christ to also come in human form (Isaiah 9: 5-8).

1Kings 19:11-12 And he said, Go forth, and stand upon the mount before the LORD. And, behold, the LORD passed by, and a great and strong wind rent the mountains, and brake in pieces the rocks before the LORD; but the LORD was not in the wind: and after the wind an earthquake; but the LORD was not in the earthquake:12 And after the earthquake a fire; but the LORD was not in the fire: and after the fire a still small voice.

9. God’s Promise (Jacob is blessed by God). Gen 28: 13 – 14. - God blessed Jacob and his seed to be innumerable in the earth. This means the nation of Israel will be God’s prototype nation through which His promise of salvation will be made manifest upon the earth, and through Christ all nations will take of this same inheritance (Galatians 3: 28-29 There is no longer Jew or Greek; there is no longer slave or free; there is no longer male and female, for all of you are one in Christ Jesus, 29. And if you be Christ's, then are you Abraham's seed, and heirs according to the promise.) - All the families of the earth will be blessed through this convenant of God's blessings upon Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. (Galatians 3:16-17 Now to Abraham and his seed were the promises made. He saith not, And to seeds, as of many; but as of one, And to thy seed, which is Christ.17 And this I say, that the covenant, that was confirmed before of God in Christ, the law, which was four hundred and thirty years after, cannot disannul, that it should make the promise of none effect.18 For if the inheritance be of the law, it is no more of promise: but God gave it to Abraham by promise.

God’s promise also included the protection of Jacob and his generation (Gen 28: 15 A) - God also promised Jacob’s seed (Israel) that they would return to the land (Gen 28 15 B), this land was promised to Abraham (Genesis 17: 8 And I will give unto thee, and to thy seed after thee, the land wherein thou art a stranger, all the land of Canaan, for an everlasting possession; and I will be their God).

10. Jacob woke up from sleep and didn’t realize that God was there and referred to the location “the gate of heaven” (Gen 28: 16 – 17). This was because he was in a vision, and had not previously experienced such a vision before. Jacob was in fear of God’s presence (This was holy fear) – Hebrews 12:28-29 Therefore, since we are receiving a kingdom which cannot be shaken, let us have grace, by which we may serve God acceptably with reverence and godly fear. 29 For our God is a consuming fire.

11. Gen 28:18 – 19, Jacob built an altar for God in the place as a memorial with the STONE he used as a headrest and called the place – BETHEL (The house of God), previously called Luz.

Joshua 16: 1- 2The lot fell to the children of Joseph from the Jordan, by Jericho, to the waters of Jericho on the east, to the wilderness that goes up from Jericho through the mountains to Bethel, 2 then went out from Bethel to Luz, passed along to the border of the Archites at Ataroth.

Abram in Genesis 12: 5-8 pitched his tent in Bethel, built an altar, and called on the name of the Lord when he arrived in Canaan. Bethel in the time of Abram was a PHYSICAL LOCATION, but Abram’s altar added a spiritual connotation; for Jacob, BETHEL was an altar “SPIRITUAL HOUSE OF GOD”.

12. Gen 28:20 – 21. Jacob made a vow to God, asking God to protect him on the journey, provide me with food and clothing, that God would guarantee his safety to return to his father’s house. THEN THE LORD WILL CERTAINLY BE HIS GOD. 13. Gen 28:22. Jacob promised to honour God in return: - That Bethel became a place Jacob mapped out to worship God as a memorial. - That Jacob promised to give a tenth of whatever God gives him back to God.

CONCLUSION

It is our responsibility to seek God faithfully and connect to Him to be able to partake of our inheritance in Christ Jesus (Philippians 4: 19 reminds God supplies our blessings according to His riches in Christ Jesus). So the first precondition is to find out the mind of Christ concerning our destiny and be diligent to align with it. Our inheritance in God has already been settled in Him, and is complete in Christ Jesus. (2 Corinthians 1: 20-21 For all the promises of God in Him are Yes, and in Him Amen, to the glory of God through us. 21 Now He who establishes us with you in Christ and has anointed us is God.) So just like Jacob, let’s find out the mind of God concerning our lives and cultivate Zion as our daily experience, as great a Bethel is, it could be fixated on an event or sometimes one-off, but Zion is a deliberate spiritual encounter with God based on daily work with God. This is not rocket science, but willingness is involved, but we need to ask for God’s grace to enable our determination in honouring Him with our lives.

Contributor: Isekhua Evborokhai

INTRODUCTION
During the last bible study where we considered chapter 25, we saw how God remained faithful to His promises even after the death of Abraham. We also learned from the life of Isaac that when we recognize destructive cycles, patterns, or generational issues, we have the authority, by prayer and God’s Word to break them. 
In today’s study of these two chapters in Genesis, we see two contrasting pictures of a father and son:
In Genesis 26, we see Isaac’s journey of faith—his obedience to God’s Word, his patience amid challenges, and the Lord’s faithful provision. We also see him displaying the same deception his father displayed. And in Genesis 27, we shift to Jacob’s deception where manipulation, dishonesty and fear resulted in family conflict despite God’s sovereign plan. We will from these two parallels learn how
trust in God can bring peace, while distrust in His timing can bring turmoil.

GENESIS 26 – ISAAC’S JOURNEY: TRUST AND PROVISION
• Famine and God’s Instruction (vv. 1–6): God tells Isaac to stay in Gerar rather than go to Egypt; He reaffirms His covenant promises made to Abraham.

• Isaac’s Fear and Deception (vv. 7–11): Isaac lies about Rebekah being his sister, echoing Abraham’s earlier mistake.

• Prosperity Amid Opposition (vv. 12–22): Isaac becomes wealthy; the Philistines envy him and stop up his wells. Isaac keeps moving rather than fighting, finding peace at Rehoboth.

• Covenant Confirmation (vv. 23–25): God appears again, promising His presence and blessing.

• Peace Treaty (vv. 26–33): Abimelech seeks peace; Isaac digs another well called Shibah.

Key Lessons from Isaac’s Journey
1. Obedience unlocks provision – Even in famine, Isaac flourished because he obeyed God’s command to stay (26:6, 12).

2. Faith requires patience – Isaac did not retaliate over the wells; he trusted God to make room for him (26:22). How can we learn to respond with peace instead of retaliation when opposed? Discuss

3. God’s covenant promises are reliable – God reaffirmed His promises in every season (26:3–4, 24).

GENESIS 27 – JACOB’S DECEPTION: BLESSINGS AND CONFLICT
• Isaac’s Plan (vv. 1–4): Isaac, old and nearly blind, calls Esau to prepare food so he can bless him. As discussed during the last study, why would Isaac still have in mind to go against what God had declared about the older serving the younger? Discuss

• Rebekah’s Scheme (vv. 5–17): Rebekah overhears and instructs Jacob to pretend to be Esau to receive the blessing.What do you believe was the reason Rebekah and Jacob chose deception instead of waiting on God and hatch a plan to deceive Isaac. After hearing God declare that the older would serve the younger? Discuss

• The Deception (vv. 18–29): Jacob lies multiple times and receives the blessing. Is this a case of “successfully helping God?” Discuss

• Esau’s Return and Anguish (vv. 30–40): Esau discovers the deception, weeps, and begs for a blessing; Isaac confirms Jacob’s blessing. Do you believe that Esau took responsibility for selling his birthright? Discuss

• Conflict and Separation (vv. 41–46): Esau vows to kill Jacob; Rebekah sends Jacob away to Laban.

Key Lessons from Jacob’s Deception
1. God’s promises don’t need manipulation – God had already declared Jacob would be blessed (Gen. 25:23). How else would this have come to pass if Isaac had pronounced the blessing on Esau? What do we know about how God works? Discuss

2. Deception damages relationships – Jacob’s deception fractured his family and drove him into exile for years (27:41–45).

3. Sin may bring short-term gain but long-term consequences – Jacob received the blessing but fled for his life. What steps can we take to repair relationships damaged by dishonesty? Discuss

CONCLUSION
We see from today’s study the benefits of trusting in God in our daily walk with Him. And even when resources are scarce or opposition is strong, He remains faithful. Shortcuts must be avoided because God’s promises are certain and we end up ruining the process when we try to manipulate situations. Where and how do we draw the line between, contending for a promise (1 Corinthians 16:9, Matthew 11:12), and sitting and waiting for the promise to come to pass (Prov.10:4). Discuss
Prayer: Lord, teach us to trust You like Isaac did in the land of famine, and protect us from the temptation to manipulate situations like Jacob. Help us walk in honesty, patience, and peace, believing that Your timing and provision are always best. Grant us the wisdom to know when to stand still and when to act in faith. In Jesus’ name.

Contributor: Isekhua Evborokhai

INTRODUCTION
Last week’s study ended with Isaac marrying Rebekah and the start of a new chapter for Isaac and God’s ultimate redemption plan. In today’s study, we experience some major transitions, the end of Abraham's life, the lineage of Ishmael, and the early account of Jacob and Esau. And from these experiences learn valuable lessons about legacy, generations, and God’s sovereignty in selection.

I. ABRAHAM’S LATER LIFE AND DEATH (Verses 1–11)
• Verses 1-4 Abraham marries again and has many children by Keturah.
At this time Abraham would have been at least 140 years when he fathered six more sons through her. 40 years before this, Abraham was a feeling that he was too old to have children. Many times, we are the ones who limit ourselves.

• Verses 5-6 Abraham is careful to set Isaac apart as the child of promise.
The Bible refers to Abraham’s other sons as the sons of his concubines. So, although he married Keturah, he truly only had one wife, Sarah. Abraham gave all that he had to Isaac, as well as the land God had promised to him and set him apart by sending his others sons eastward, away from Isaac). This is the greatest legacy we can leave for our children – setting them apart for the Lord. We see the result in verse 11.
As believers we are called to think about the legacy we are leaving for our children— spiritually and otherwise.

• Verses 7-10 Abraham’s Death and Burial.
He died at a good old age, an old man and full of years: Abraham lived a remarkably long life of one hundred and seventy-five years. By many measures his life was not perfect, but he was a man of faith, who had a real relationship with God, of remarkable obedience, and a true friend of God (2 Chronicles 20:7 and James 2:23).

• Verse 11 God Blesses Isaac
Abraham was a great man, but he was only a man. It was time for God’s work to be passed on to the next generation. But God does not entrust His work to someone without equipping them. Scripture reveals that God blessed Isaac—not merely with material wealth, but with divine empowerment to prosper in every dimension necessary to carry on the covenant first promised to Abraham and the ultimate redemption plan for mankind.

II. THE GENERATIONS OF ISHMAEL (Genesis 25:12–18)
• Verses 12-18 God is Faithful to His Promises.
God fulfilled the promise He made to Hagar (Genesis 17:20) Ishmael had 12 sons. With so many sons to carry on his family name, Ishmael was a blessed man. However, he was not blessed with the inheritance of the covenant God made to Abraham. Twelve princes… one hundred and thirty-seven years… was gathered to his people… he died in the presence of all his brethren: All of these descriptions show what a blessed man Ishmael was. Though he did not receive the Abrahamic covenant, God’s blessing and hand was upon him.

III. THE BIRTH OF ESAU AND JACOB (Genesis 25:19–28)
•Verses 19-21 The Conception of Jacob and Esau.
Rebekah was barren, but Isaac prayed, and God answered (v.21). He quickly learned from what happened to his parents and did not wait. There was the promise, the lineage of the Messiah who will deliver mankind, perhaps it was our adversary that was trying to sabotage the promise. Observe that the Bible never mentioned that Abraham prayed to God for a child. But Isaac knew better. He pleaded with God and He gave them twins.

•Verses 22-28 Two Nations Struggled in the Womb.
The struggle that seemed to take place in Rebekah’s womb made her seek God. As she sought Him, the LORD spoke to her regarding number of children in her womb, their gender, and the destiny of those sons in her womb. One shall be greater than the other, and the younger will be greater than the older. He also repeated His verdict long after Jacob and Esau had both passed from the earth (Jacob I have loved, but Esau I have hated, Malachi 1:2-3).
This has caused some people to object, and question the fairness of God making such a choice before Jacob or Esau were born. Yet we should regard the love and the hate God spoke of in Malachi 1:2-3 and Romans 9:10-13 as having to do with His purpose in choosing one of these two to become the heir of the covenant of Abraham.

“A woman once said to Mr. Spurgeon, ‘I cannot understand why God should say that He hated Esau.’ ‘That,’ Spurgeon replied, ‘is not my difficulty, madam. My trouble is to understand how God could love Jacob.’” (Newell in Romans, Verse by Verse)

The greatest error we make in considering the choices of God is to think He chooses for arbitrary reasons, as if His choices were random and senseless. God chooses according to His divine wisdom, love, and goodness. We may not be able to understand God’s reasons for choosing, and they are reasons He alone knows and answers to, but God’s choices are not random or impulsive.

IV. ESAU SELLS HIS BIRTHRIGHT (Genesis 25:29–34)
Deuteronomy 21:17 and 1 Chronicles 5:1-2 tell us the birthright involves both a material and a spiritual dynamic. The son of the birthright received a double portion of the inheritance, and he also became the head of the family and the spiritual leader upon the passing of the father.

There could only be one heir of the promise not two. And because Esau thought little of the spiritual heritage connected to the birthright, and valued only material things, and because spiritual birthright meant little to him, when his stomach was hungry, he traded it for a meal! Perhaps this was the reason God chose Jacob over him right from the womb; because He being Omniscient knew the kind of person Esau would turn out to be. That he would treat his birthright with levity. Hebrews 12:16 tells us that Esau was profane, selling his birthright for one morsel of food. And regardless of whatever deception Jacob and his mum hatched to get the blessing of the first son from Isacc, it was at this point Esau lost his birthright, not afterwards

Many people place little value on spiritual things. And daily trade spirituality for short-term gratification undermining and undervaluing our spiritual "birthrights"

One subtle instance of this is conforming to the world instead of being set apart. To protect Isaac’s birthright, Abraham set him apart from the sons he got from concubines. But today we hear parents say: “Leave them alone, let them be . . .” But you can only do that when you have indeed trained them in the way of the Lord (Proverbs 22:6). Otherwise you expose them to the contaminations of a polluted and depraved world.

CONCLUSION
God is ever faithful to His promises. Even after Abraham's death, we witness those promises continuing to unfold, demonstrating that God's covenant extends beyond the life of a single individual. Remarkably, His blessings sometimes reach those we might not expect—as seen in the case of Ishmael. Though not the child of promise, Ishmael still experienced the overflow of God's faithfulness.

The story of Isaac asking God to open Rebekah’s womb in prayer, reveals a significant shift. Unlike Abraham, who waited passively at times or sought solutions through human effort, Isaac chose to confront the problem through prayer. This teaches us that we are not bound to repeat the negative patterns of those before us. When we recognize destructive cycles or generational issues, we have the authority—by prayer and God’s Word—to break them. This principle aligns with Jesus’ words in Matthew 16:19, where He grants us keys to bind and loose spiritual realities.

Although Esau’s character was not the basis for God’s choosing (He chose Jacob over Esau before they were born), Esau’s character, his impulsiveness and disregard for spiritual inheritance—affirmed the wisdom behind God's decision. As believers, we must guard against making similar exchanges. We must treasure the calling and promises of God on our lives, understanding their eternal significance. The lure of immediate gratification can cost us far more than we imagine—sometimes resulting in consequences that cannot be undone. Let us remain faithful, discerning, and prayerful, so we walk worthy of the inheritance entrusted to us.

Contributor: Isekhua Evborokhai

INTRODUCTION
In last week’s study, we gained insight about the character of Abraham, especially during the death and burial of his wife, Sarah; such as conducting himself with integrity - giving us an example of how to make our faith visible in our dealings and decisions.We also learnt some important truths. That mourning is sacred; and grief reflects love for the departed. And that when we honour the dead we do so with the hope of resurrection with Christ at His coming.
Today, we progress onto Genesis 24, the longest chapter in the Book of Genesis that tells the story of how a wife was found for Isaac, the son of Abraham. It’s more than just a marriage story—it’s a lesson in prayer, divine guidance, faithful obedience, and God’s faithfulness in fulfilling promises.

1. Abraham’s Instruction (Verses 1–9)
Key Verse (Verse 3): “I want you to swear by the Lord, the God of heaven and the God of earth, that you will not get a wife for my son from the daughters of the Canaanites, among whom I am living,”

We see in this verse that Abraham was intentional, he did not want Isaac to marry a Canaanite woman. He understood the spiritual danger of compromise (Deuteronomy 7:3–4). Choosing a life partner is a spiritual decision. Faith and values should guide it, not just feelings or culture.

2. Eliezer’s Prayer for Guidance (Verses 10–14)
Key Verse (Verse 14): “May it be that when I say to a young woman, ‘Please let down your jar that I may have a drink,’ and she says, ‘Drink, and I’ll water your camels too’—let her be the one you have chosen for your servant Isaac. By this I will know that you have shown kindness to my master.”

Eliezer, Abraham’s servant prays for a sign—not out of superstition, but out of a desire for clear direction. His prayer is humble, specific, and rooted in God’s covenant. James 1:5 says: “If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God...”
God honours sincere, wisdom-seeking prayer. As believers, we should never go solo when making decisions. When we invite Him into our decisions, we will never go wrong. Proverbs 3:6 (NIV) says: “in all your ways submit to him, and he will make your paths straight.”

Discussion:
1. What have you learnt about seeking God’s will in major life decisions?
2. Are there practical examples you can share about seeking God’s will in past, present and future decisions?
3. How can we relate to the Eleazer’s prayer for guidance? Do you pray with that kind of faith?

3. Rebekah’s Response (Verses 15–26)
Key Verses (Verses 18-19): “18 “Drink, my lord,” she said, and quickly lowered the jar to her hands and gave him a drink. 19 After she had given him a drink, she said, “I’ll draw water for your camels too, until they have had enough to drink.”

Rebekah’s generous offer fulfils the very sign the servant prayed for. She is kind, hospitable, and industrious—a reflection of Proverbs 31:17–20.
Proverbs 3:5–6 – “In all your ways acknowledge Him, and He shall direct your paths.” God’s answers often arrive as we move in obedience. Rebekah didn’t know she was walking into destiny—she was simply faithful.

4. Eliezer’s Worship and Testimony (Verses:27–49)
Key Verses (Verses 26-27): “26 Then the man bowed down and worshiped the Lord, 27 saying, “Praise be to the Lord, the God of my master Abraham, who has not abandoned his kindness and faithfulness to my master. As for me, the Lord has led me on the journey to the house of my master’s relatives.”

Eliezer gives glory to God. He shares what God has done and invites the family into the process. When God answers, testify. Give Him glory, and invite others into the story of faith.

5. Rebekah’s Willingness (Verses:50–61)
Key Verse (Verse 58): “So they called Rebekah and asked her, “Will you go with this man?” “I will go,” she said.”

Rebekah responds with courage and faith. She leaves everything familiar to step into God’s plan—much like Abraham did (Genesis 12:1). Walking in God’s purpose often requires courage and trust. Sometimes it means stepping into the unknown with confidence in His call.

Discussion: How can we cultivate the kind of character (like Rebekah’s)?

6. Isaac and Rebekah Meet (Verses:62–67)
Key Verse (Verse 67): “Isaac brought her into the tent of his mother Sarah, and he married Rebekah. So she became his wife, and he loved her; and Isaac was comforted after his mother’s death.”
The story ends with a simple but beautiful moment—love born from obedience and God’s leading. Psalm 37:23 – “The steps of a good man are ordered by the Lord.” When God is the one who writes your story, peace and love follow. Wait for His timing, and trust His way.

CONCLUSION
God delights in directing those who seek Him. The Bible admonishes us to watch and pray. That is what faith in action means. Eleazar, Abraham’s servant prayed, but he also travelled, searched, and acted. And God took care of the rest working behind the scenes, and orchestrating the details.We also learned from this account that obedience brings blessings. Everyone in this account, Abraham, Eleazar, Rebekah were in obedience. And it is obedience to God that activates His Faithfulness and we see the end that God delivered on the promised future for Isaac.

Contributor: Alex Alajiki

INTRODUCTION
In our last study before the chapters review last week, we studied Genesis 21 and 22. In Genesis 21, God fulfils His promise to Abraham and Sarah by enabling Sarah to give birth to Isaac, but also leads to the banishment of Hagar and Ishmael due to Sarah's concerns about Isaac's inheritance. God will ever be faithful to His promises according to Numb. 23:19
In Genesis 22, God tests Abraham's faith by commanding him to sacrifice his son Isaac, but ultimately provides a ram as a substitute, demonstrating the power of obedience and God's provision.
We shall be looking at Genesis 23 today, which will give us insight about the character of Abraham during the death and burial of his wife, Sarah.

1. Sarah’s death (Verses 1-2)
Sarah lived one hundred and twenty-seven years; these were the years of the life of Sarah. 2 So Sarah died in Kirjath Arba (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan, and Abraham came to mourn for Sarah and to weep for her.

In Vs 1, Sarah died at the age of 127, when Isaac was 37 years old, and Abraham was 137 years old. She was the only woman in the bible whose age was recorded at the time of her death. She was a Godly woman of faith and the bible encourage women to emulate he according to 1 Pet. 3:3-6
3 Do not let your adornment be merely outward—arranging the hair, wearing gold, or putting on fine apparel— 4 rather let it be the hidden person of the heart, with the incorruptible beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is very precious in the sight of God. 5 For in this manner, in former times, the holy women who trusted in God also adorned themselves, being submissive to their own husbands, 6 as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord, whose daughters you are if you do good and are not afraid with any terror. Isa. 51:1-2 encourage us to look to them.

In vs 2, Abraham was weeping and mourning at the death Sarah because of the depth of his love and respect for his wife. Abraham is the father of faith yet we can see the way he mourned the passage of his wife. We must never feel guilty to mourn the death of our loved ones. Faith in God does not diminish human emotion. In our mourning, we must always have the right perspective according to
1 Thes. 4:13-14 But I do not want you to be ignorant, brethren, concerning those who have fallen asleep, lest you sorrow as others who have no hope. 14 For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who sleep in Jesus.

James Montgomery wrote in his commentary that to weep for a loved one is to show that we have been close, that the loss is deeply felt, that death is an enemy, and that sin has brought the sad punishment upon the human race.

2. Abraham’s Request for a Burial Site (Verses 3-9)
3 Then Abraham stood up from before his dead, and spoke to the sons of Heth, saying, 4 “I am a foreigner and a visitor among you. Give me property for a burial place among you, that I may bury my dead out of my sight.” 5 And the sons of Heth answered Abraham, saying to him, 6 “Hear us, my lord: You are a mighty prince among us; bury your dead in the choicest of our burial places. None of us will withhold from you his burial place, that you may bury your dead.” 7 Then Abraham stood up and bowed himself to the people of the land, the sons of Heth. 8 And he spoke with them, saying, “If it is your wish that I bury my dead out of my sight, hear me, and meet with Ephron the son of Zohar for me, 9 that he may give me the cave of Machpelah which he has, which is at the end of his field. Let him give it to me at the full price, as property for a burial place among you.”

In verses 3-4, Abraham made reference to our true identity on earth that we are all foreigners and sojourners on earth according to Heb. 11:9-10 By faith he dwelt in the land of promise as in a foreign country, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, the heirs with him of the same promise; 10 for he waited for the city which has foundations, whose builder and maker is God.

He demanded to buy a piece of the land to bury Sarah despite knowing that God already promised him and his descendants the whole land in Gen. 17:8. We must also make a demand on the land despite the promise in Josh. I:3 Every place that the sole of your foot will tread upon I have given you, as I said to Moses. Abraham did not carry his dead wife home (Ur of the Chaldeans) to bury Gen 11:31
In verses 5-9 Abraham’s approach when negotiating for the land shows tact, wisdom, and integrity in dealing with the Hittites (the sons of Heth). Why did Abraham demand for Hebron (Gen. 11:31).

3. The Purchase of Machpelah (verses10-16)
10Now Ephron dwelt among the sons of Heth; and Ephron the Hittite answered Abraham in the presence of the sons of Heth, all who entered at the gate of his city, saying, 11 “No, my lord, hear me: I give you the field and the cave that is in it; I give it to you in the presence of the sons of my people. I give it to you. Bury your dead!”12 Then Abraham bowed himself down before the people of the land; 13 and he spoke to Ephron in the hearing of the people of the land, saying, “If you will give it, please hear me. I will give you money for the field; take it from me and I will bury my dead there.”14 And Ephron answered Abraham, saying to him, 15“My lord, listen to me; the land is worth four hundred shekels of silver. What is that between you and me? So bury your dead.” 16And Abraham listened to Ephron; and Abraham weighed out the silver for Ephron which he had named in the hearing of the sons of Heth, four hundred shekels of silver, currency of the merchants.

In verse 7and 12, we saw the humility of Abraham as he bowed himself before the people of the land despite being held in high regard by calling him lord.
Abraham refused to accept the land for free because of his integrity. “The integrity of the upright will guide them, but the crookedness of the treacherous will destroy them.” (Prov.
11:3; 13:6). True integrity is revealed when no one is watching. Do you walk with integrity when no one else can see it?
In verses 13 to 16, Abraham insisted in paying the full price for the land because without consideration, the Hittites could revoke the land gift to Abraham at any time. To ensure that the tomb would remain for future generations, Abraham insisted upon paying the full price. 400 shekels of silver (about $5,000) was believed to be inflated price for the land, but he paid without negotiation in honour of his wife. Abraham showed how we should conduct business with the world; he was courteous, fair and prudent (Phil. 4:5).

4. Transfer of Ownership and Burial of Sarah (verses 17-20)
17 So the field of Ephron which was in Machpelah, which was before Mamre, the field and the cave which was in it, and all the trees that were in the field, which were within all the surrounding borders, were deeded 18 to Abraham as a possession in the presence of the sons of Heth, before all who went in at the gate of his city.19And after this, Abraham buried Sarah his wife in the cave of the field of Machpelah, before Mamre (that is, Hebron) in the land of Canaan. 20 So the field and the cave that is in it were deeded to Abraham by the sons of Heth

Abraham obtained the title deed to the property after payment demonstrating in faith in the promise of God to give him the whole land of Canaan. Sarah was buried in this property, and it became the ancestral burial ground for the descendants of Abraham. Abraham was buried here (Gen. 25:9), Isaac, Rebekah and Leah (Gen. 49:31), Jacob (Gen. 49:29), and Joseph (Gen. 50:13).

CONCLUSION
Abraham lived with eternal perspective by looking for a city whose builder and maker is God. Abraham mourned the death of Sarah because mourning is sacred; grief reflects love for the departed. He also gave his wife a dignified burial which demonstrated how we must honour the dead with the hope of resurrection with Christ at His coming.
Abraham also conducted himself with integrity giving us an example of how to make our faith visible in our dealings and decisions. Finally, Abraham left a Godly legacy teaching us to consider how our choices today shape our spiritual legacy.

Contributor: Ngozi Roberts

INTRODUCTION
We learnt in Genesis 20 of Abraham and Sarah’s stay in Gerar. Fearing for his life, Abraham tells King Abimelech that Sarah is his sister. Abimelech takes her, but God warns him in a dream. Abimelech returns Sarah and confronts Abraham, who admits his fear. The chapter ends with God healing Abimelech’s household, which had been afflicted because of Sarah’s presence. We learnt of God’s protection over His covenant and His ability to work through human flaws.
Genesis 21 and 22 focus on Abraham's life, specifically his relationships and a crucial test of faith. Genesis 21 describes the birth of Isaac, the fulfilment of God's promise, and the subsequent ejection of Hagar and Ishmael. It also includes a covenant between Abraham and Abimelech, solidifying their peaceful coexistence and marking the establishment of Beersheba. Genesis 22 then recounts the dramatic story of Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac as a burnt offering, demonstrating his ultimate obedience to God, who then provides a ram as a substitute sacrifice and reaffirms His covenant with Abraham.

Genesis 21: God Keeps His Promise and Guides Through Difficult Decisions
Isaac Is Born (Genesis 21:1–7)
God had promised Abraham and Sarah a son (Genesis 17:19), and in this chapter, that promise finally comes true. Sarah becomes pregnant and gives birth to a boy named Isaac, even though she was very old. It was truly a miracle. Sarah had once laughed in disbelief when told she would have a child, but now her laughter is filled with joy. Isaac’s birth reminds us that God always keeps His promises, even when things seem impossible.

Lesson
 emphasizes God’s faithfulness and power
 illustration of transformation and renewed trust in God.

Hagar and Ishmael Are Sent Away (Genesis 21:8–21)
After Isaac grows older, tension rises between Sarah and Hagar, Sarah’s servant, whose son Ishmael had been born earlier to Abraham. When Ishmael appears to mock Isaac, Sarah becomes upset and asks Abraham to send Hagar and Ishmael away. Although this is a hard decision, God tells Abraham not to worry. God promises to take care of Ishmael and make him into a great nation too (Genesis 17:20). As Hagar wanders in the desert, God hears
her cry and provides water and hope. This shows God’s kindness, even to those outside the promised family.

Lesson
 Show how God can provide and make a way when seems to be rejection and no way
 God hears our cry to him especially from children
 It shows that we all have inherence in God as children of God
 There is a divine purpose for each of us

Abraham Makes a Peace Treaty (Genesis 21:22–34)
Later, Abraham makes an agreement with King Abimelech so they can live peacefully in the same land. Abraham also worships God by planting a tree and calling on God as the “Everlasting God.” This shows Abraham’s growing influence and his deepening relationship with the Lord.

Lesson
 When you walk in alignment with the will of God, people will be attracted to you (Luke 2:52 (NIV); Isaiah 60:3.
 Abraham’s act of planting a tamarisk tree and calling on “the name of the LORD, the Eternal God” shows his worship and ongoing relationship with Yahweh
Genesis 22: Abraham’s Test and God’s Amazing Provision
Abraham Is Tested (Genesis 22:1–10)
God tests Abraham by asking him to sacrifice his beloved son Isaac. This request is heartbreaking, but Abraham trusts God and obeys without hesitation. He travels to Mount Moriah with Isaac, prepares everything for the offering, and is about to sacrifice Isaac when something incredible happens.

Lesson
 As children of God we should be ready to let go of any relationship that might have intense emotional weight for a deeper relationship with God
 We should strive to build up our faith in God to portray a matured confidence and trust in Him even during difficult circumstances - 22:5 Abraham says, “He said to his servants, “Stay here with the donkey while I and the boy go over there. We will worship and then we will come back to you.”. He trusted God to keep his promise. God had promised that he would have descendants from Isaac. He did not know how God would do that, because he knew that he must offer Isaac to God as a sacrifice.

God Provides a Substitute (Genesis 22:11–14)
At the last moment, an angel calls out and stops Abraham. God provides a ram caught in a bush to take Isaac’s place. Abraham names the place The Lord Will Provide (Yahweh Yireh), showing his faith in God’s ability to meet our needs. This powerful event points ahead to how God would one day provide Jesus as a sacrifice for the world.

Lesson
 Our God is a covenant keeping God and will always provide for us in all circumstance when we totally believe and trust in him: 22:12 Abraham still believed that God would keep his promise. So he believed that God would bring Isaac back from death. As seen in Hebrews 11:17-19 -Here is an example of Abraham's faith. God wanted to proof Abraham real trust in HIM... Heb. 11:17 ‘By faith Abraham, when God tested him, offered Isaac as a sacrifice. He who had embraced the promises was about to sacrifice his one and only son, 18 even though God had said to him, “It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned.”19 Abraham reasoned that God could even raise the dead, and so in a manner of speaking he did receive Isaac back from death. (NIV)
God Repeats His Promise (Genesis 22:15–19) Because Abraham obeyed, God blesses him again—promising that his descendants will be as numerous as the stars and that through them, all nations will be blessed. Abraham’s faith and obedience are highlighted as an example for generations to come.

Lesson
 Full and instant obedience is necessary for us to be like our father Abraham – a friend of God

Summary / Reflection: Trusting the God Who Provides
Genesis chapters 21 and 22 take us on a powerful journey—from the joy of a long-awaited promise finally fulfilled to the deep tension of a faith-stretching test. In chapter 21, we witness God's faithfulness as Abraham and Sarah welcome their son, Isaac, in their old age. This moment reminds us that God keeps His word, no matter how long it takes or how impossible it may seem to us (Genesis 21:1–2). But not long after, we also see sorrow and separation when Hagar and her son Ishmael are sent away. Even then, God shows His compassion by caring for them in the wilderness, proving that His mercy extends to all who cry out to Him (Genesis 21:15–20).

In chapter 22, the story reaches a dramatic peak. God asks Abraham to do something unthinkable—sacrifice Isaac, the son he loves so deeply. Abraham obeys, showing the depth of his trust in God. Just as he raises the knife, God steps in and provides a ram as a substitute for Isaac (Genesis 22:13–14). Abraham names that place “The Lord Will Provide,” and it becomes a powerful symbol of how God always meets our deepest needs—especially in our most trying moments.
Together, these two chapters remind us that trusting God isn't just about celebrating the good times. True faith means walking with Him through uncertainty, heartache, and sacrifice. God's promises don’t always come quickly, and the journey may not always be easy—but He is always faithful, and He always provides.

Lessons from Genesis 21 and 22
 Faith and Obedience: Abraham’s trust in God shows us that true faith often involves challenges and choices. Obedience brings growth and blessing.
 God Provides: Whether it's a well in the desert for Hagar or a ram on the mountain for Abraham, God always meets the needs of His people.
 Promises Fulfilled: Isaac’s birth proves that God never forgets what He has promised.
 Hope for the Outsider: Even though Ishmael wasn’t part of the covenant promise, God cared for him too.
 A Picture of Salvation: Abraham’s sacrifice of Isaac foreshadows a deeper truth in Christianity—that God would provide His own Son as a substitute.

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Genesis chapters 21 and 22 offer a profound journey through fulfilled promises and tested faith. Isaac’s birth reveals God’s power to do the impossible and His unwavering commitment to His word. The challenges faced by Hagar and Ishmael show that God’s compassion extends beyond the chosen line, offering hope to the overlooked and the outcast. Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice Isaac reveals the depth of faith that trusts even when it doesn’t understand, and God’s provision of the ram confirms that He sees, He cares, and He provides at just the right time. Together, these chapters remind us that God’s promises are sure, His timing is perfect, and faith that obeys—even when costly—is always met with divine provision and blessing.
God bless us all in Jesus Name Amen!!

Contributor: Adewale Abiona

INTRODUCTION
In last week’s study we saw the destruction of an abominable nation where the Lord could not find ten good people, Gen.18: 32b. In Chapter 19, justice was served, and the mercy of God was displayed because of Abraham’s relationship with God. In conclusion of last week study, we were charged to take sin seriously and know that God’s justice may be delayed, but certain.
In today’s study of Genesis 20, we will examine God's protection in the case of Sarah the mother of the promised son and how lack of truth from Abraham almost put in jeopardy the promise of God regarding Isaac.

The Lack of Truth (Verses 1-2)
At the brink of the fulfilment of the promise, Abraham, for his own selfish interest and a moment of fear for his own life, was not totally honest about the identity of his wife Sarah.
When he arrived in the city of Gerar, he was afraid of the people there, thinking in his mind they do not appear to be godly, and I may suffer harm because of my wife Sarah and her beauty. For this reason, he told the people that Sarah was his sister.

In today’s world, we hear what is referred to as “white lies”, an act of deceit where people fail to be honest, refusing to shed light on a matter, and leaving it for others to guess what the truth is. Abraham’s action gave Abimelech a false impression about the identity of Sarah.
As believers, Matthew 5:37 tells us “But let your ‘Yes’ be ‘Yes,’ and your ‘No,’ ‘No.’ For whatever is more than these is from the evil one” and 1 Thessalonians 5:22 says “Abstain from every form of evil”

Abraham’s action was contrary to the word God spoke to him in Genesis 17:15-16. God said to Abraham, “I will give Sarai, your wife, a new name. Her new name will be Sarah. I will bless her. I will give her a son, and you will be the father. She will be the mother of many new nations. Kings of nations will come from her.”

The lack of truth has caused many issues in marriages today and selfishness is at the root of it. Your marriage is not all about you, God has a purpose for every marriage, and we must consider that when spouses relate with each other. Do not do anything that will destroy your marriage. Bring all your marriage decisions in line with God’s plan and agenda. Always be truthful and let your motives be pure.

A few more verses in Genesis 17 reveal the mind of Abraham
"17 Abraham bowed his face to the ground to show he respected God. But he laughed and said to himself, “I am 100 years old. I cannot have a son, and Sarah is 90 years old. She cannot have a child.” 18 Then Abraham said to God, “I hope Ishmael will live and serve you.” 19 God said, “No, I said that your wife Sarah will have a son. You will name him Isaac. I will make my agreement with him that will continue forever with all his descendants. (response to vs 17) 20 “You mentioned Ishmael, and I heard you. I will bless him, and he will have many children. He will be the father of twelve great leaders. His family will become a great nation. 21 But I will make my agreement with Isaac, the son who Sarah will have. He will be born at this same time next year.” (response to vs 19)

Abraham appeared to have been comforted by the birth of Ishmael and no longer sought Sarah’s interest or the fulfilment of God’s promise to him and his wife. It looked like he wanted God to change the promise from soon to be Sarah’s son to already born Hagar’s son
God is not going to break His covenant to please you or change His commandment because of your circumstance. We are the ones to change and align ourselves to His perfect will Romans 12:2 2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, that you may prove what is that good and acceptable and perfect will of God.

God’s Protection of the Promise Verse 3-6
Just as the Lord protected Mary from shame by speaking to Joseph against his decision to put Mary away, in same manner, God had to intervene in the mess Abraham created by not being truthful. God spoke to Abimelech in a dream and said, “You will die. The woman you took is married.” Vs 3
God had already been ahead in Abraham’s gamble with his marriage to Sarah. God had prevented Abimelech from having carnal knowledge of Abraham’s wife. Vs 6
The reason you did not fall for that sin or trick is not because of your innocence or that you didn’t know it was a sin. It is because of His love, and that He did not want you to be destroyed. John 10:10 made it very clear the assignment of the devil. This is why he tricks people in various ways, to prevent them from fulfilling destiny. In the same verse we saw that God’s plan was to protect that same destiny. Lamentations 3:22 - Because of the Lord’s great love we are not consumed, for his compassions never fail.

Verse 8-13 – Abraham tries to justify his untruthfulness
9 Then Abimelech called Abraham and said to him, “Why have you done this to us? What wrong did I do to you? Why did you lie and say that she was your sister? You brought great trouble to my kingdom. You should not have done this to me. 10 What were you afraid of? Why did you do this to me?” 11 Then Abraham said, “I thought no one in this place respected God. I thought someone would kill me to get Sarah. 12 She is my wife, but she is also my sister. She is the daughter of my father but not the daughter of my mother. 13 God led me away from my father’s house. He led me to wander to many different places. When that happened, I told Sarah, ‘Do something for me. Wherever we go, tell people you are my sister.’”

What is your excuse for not been truthful?
Nothing can be used to justify the wrong before God. The point that she was originally his half-sister is not acceptable ground. He also attempted to blame it on God for sending him to different places. I wonder if he would have said Sarah was his sister if Hagar and Ishmael were not in the picture.
Abimelech also thought he was innocent for coveting another man’s wife or wanting to use his position to take a woman without following the normal process, God closed all the wombs of the women in his house.

David’s case with Bathsheba did not go unpunished. 2 Samuel 11-12
Your lies, deceit and wrong motives will not go undetected and unpunished. Hebrews 4:12 - the Word of God is a discerner of the thoughts and intents of the heart. Proverbs 12:19 - The truthful lip shall be established forever, but a lying tongue is but for a moment.

Verses 7, 14-16
God commanded Abimelech to restore to Abraham his wife in verse 7
Let’s see some of the Key ingredients in that instruction and how Abimelech obeyed God The Lord told him:
• Abraham is a prophet.
• He will pray for you, and you will live.
• But if you don’t give Sarah back to him, I promise that you will die.
• And all your family will die with you.”

Abimelech’s actions following God’s rebuke
• Abimelech gave Sarah back to Abraham
• Abimelech also gave Abraham some sheep, cattle, and slaves.
• Abimelech said, “Look all around you. This is my land. You may live any place you want.”
• Abimelech said to Sarah, “I gave your brother Abraham (sarcasm) 1000 pieces of silver
• I did this to show that I am very sorry. I want everyone to see that I did the right thing.”

Verse 17-18
17 So Abraham prayed unto God: and God healed Abimelech, and his wife, and his maidservants; and they bare children. 18 For the Lord had fast closed up all the wombs of the house of Abimelech, because of Sarah Abraham's wife.

CONCLUSION
One of the things that we learn is that if God is the one leading and directing you, He will surely protect you. Just remain faithful and truthful to His instruction. Don’t try to figure it out or think some areas of that journey are for you to handle. He knows it all and He’s all over it, including those tiny little details. Jeremiah 32:27 - “Behold, I am the Lord, the God of all flesh. Is there anything too hard for Me?
What God is set to do, He will do and if that includes Him stepping in, He will, not because of you but for His own name and glorification.
Do not entertain fear. Isaiah 41:10 Fear not, for I am with you; Be not dismayed, for I am your God. I will strengthen you, Yes, I will help you, I will uphold you with My righteous right hand.’ Your action or inaction will only cost you, not Him. Failure to wait on God’s time for the promise, brought Abraham emotional pain when he had to let go of Ishmael. Genesis 21:10-11.
What issue(s) have you created in your life and in your marriage?
Ask the Lord to help, ask in to step in and deliver you now.
Promise that you will always be truthful to Him, yourself and in all circumstances.
Ask Him to divinely intervene and protect your marriage, your children and household from the plan of the enemy.

Contributor: Isekhua Evborokhai

INTRODUCTION
In last week’s study we saw Abraham interceding on behalf of the righteous in Sodom. The way chapter 18 ended, God promised that He would not destroy Sodom and if there were up to 10 righteous people. In today’s study of Genesis 19 we, open with the arrival of God’s angels in Sodom to destroy the city. Conclusively, there were not up to 10 righteous people in the land. We will examine how God's justice and mercy are both fully displayed in the destruction of Sodom, and learn lessons from this account that affect us as individuals, and as a community of believers. Genesis 19 is a powerful chapter that reveals the righteous judgment of God against sin and how He can show mercy toward the righteous.

Verses 1-3 - Ritual Without Relationship
When two angels (in human form) arrive in Sodom, Lot recognized they were angels and offered them hospitality, a culturally sacred duty. Although he had strayed at this stage, he still could follow the motions. He referred to them as “lords”, invited them in, washed their feet and prepared ceremonially acceptable food for them. Isaiah 29:13

Verses 4-5 - The Depth of Sodom's Depravity
All the men of the city, from young to old, surrounded Lot’s house and demanded to have sex with the two angels. This is what will be referred to today as “gang rape”, a very clear indication of widespread sexual immorality. No wonder God could not find up to 10 righteous people. Jude 1:7

Verses 6-8 - Right Cannot Be Done Without Faith
Lot offers his daughters instead, revealing both the depth of the city's depravity and Lot’s compromised morality. He was attempting to “fix a problem” by compromise. It also confirms that he didn’t have faith in God, that He could intervene and did not need his help. Confirming that he was only following the motions when he welcomed the angels. Another failed attempt to help God. Trying to help God always has regrettable consequences.

Verse 9 – The Cost of Compromise: Loss of Moral Authority
The MSG version of this verse reads: “They said, “Get lost! You drop in from nowhere and now you’re going to tell us how to run our lives. We’ll treat you worse than them!” And they charged past Lot to break down the door.”
The response of the men of Sodom to Lot’s attempt implies the possibility that Lot's lack of moral authority and respect among the men of Sodom was due to compromises in his faith and lifestyle. Living near or within moral corruption without influencing it for good can erode personal holiness. If you recall from verse 1, he was sitting in the gate of Sodom. In Bible days, to sit at the gate meant being part of the leadership or elders, a person of influence or decision-making power. This suggests Lot had some civic role, yet he had no moral influence over the city's behaviour, failing to confront their evil. Probably didn’t want to be labelled homophobic. So when he spoke, it was hypocritical, and the men discarded his attempt to act righteously (in the presence of the visitors), probably because he had never stood up for righteousness before.

Verses 10-11 – Vengeance is the Lord’s
The angels intervened, pulled him into the house and struck the men with blindness. You do not defend a cage full of lions, you open the cage and step back and watch the lions defend themselves. 2 Kings 6:18, Romains 12:19, Deuteronomy 32:35.

Verses 12-14 – Consequences of Compromise
The hollowness of Lot’s character was pitiful. In verse 14, he went out and spoke to his sons-in-law, pledged to marry his daughters. He said, “Hurry and get out of this place, because the Lord is about to destroy the city!” But his sons-in-law wouldn’t take him seriously. The Bible says they though he was joking. Romans 12:2

Verses 15–22 - The Warning and Escape
The angels warn Lot to flee with his family. Despite Lot's hesitation, God shows him mercy by the angels having to drag them out of the city (v. 16). They were told to flee and not look back.

Verses 23–29 - Judgment Falls but Mercy Stands
God rains down fire and sulphur on Sodom and Gomorrah. God does not ignore sin; Sodom’s destruction was a divine response to deep, persistent wickedness (Genesis 18:20-21). Lot’s wife disobeys the warning and looks back and is turned into a pillar of salt. God does not compromise on consequences. The judgement He meted on Sodom was total and final. Yet in the midst of this judgement, God was mindful of Abraham and first got Lot out of there before He blasted those cities off the face of the Earth (Verse 29, MSG).

• Can we relate our world today with Sodom? Give examples
• In what ways are our societies today rejecting God?

Verses 30–38 - The Tragedy in the Cave
What Lot’s daughters did in the cave, was tragic and immoral. It really makes one wonder what virtues Lot taught them? There is no indication that they had any morality. They may have been heavily influenced by the culture and moral decadence of Sodom.

CONCLUSION
Genesis 19 is not just a historical account—it is a mirror for us today. Lot’s story is a call to examine where we have grown complacent with sin around us. In a world marked by moral confusion and spiritual apathy, this chapter calls us to live holy lives, remember God’s justice, and cling to His mercy. We must take sin seriously and know that God’s justice may be delayed, but it is certain. Genesis 19 demonstrates both God’s justice on the one hand towards Sodom and Gomorrah, while on the other, mercy for Lot by virtue of the intercession of Abraham. Finally, we must know that “mercy is not always neat”. Although Lot was saved, the consequences of his actions while in Sodom still carried ongoing consequences as we see with his daughters.